Cyberstalking: What It Is and Why It Matters

Discover what cyberstalking is and learn key warning signs, prevention tips, and how to protect yourself from cyberstalking and online abuse.

Cyberstalking is not a distant or rare issue. It happens every day, often to people who never expect it. If you are experiencing cyberstalking, it is not your fault, and you are not alone.

Cyberstalking is repeated, unwanted, or threatening behavior carried out through digital technology. Unlike a single negative comment or message, cyberstalking is persistent and can deeply affect a person’s sense of safety, emotional health, and daily life.

What Cyberstalking Can Look Like

Cyberstalking may include:

• Repeated unwanted messages, emails, or phone calls
• Harassment or fake profiles on social media
• False, harmful, or embarrassing information shared online
• Tracking through GPS, apps, or devices without consent
• Hacking into personal accounts or devices
• Doxing, where private information such as an address, phone number, or workplace is shared to intimidate or cause harm

These behaviors can feel overwhelming and invasive. Many survivors describe feeling watched, unsafe, or unable to escape the harassment.

The Impact Is Real

Cyberstalking can cause anxiety, fear, sleep disruption, and emotional distress. For many survivors, the fear associated with cyberstalking can be as intense—or even greater—than in-person stalking.

• Millions of people experience cyberstalking each year
• Most stalking involves technology, often using everyday tools like phones and email
• Many survivors know the person stalking them
• Nearly 70% of stalking survivors experience significant emotional distress

Your reactions are valid. Cyberstalking is a violation of your boundaries and your safety.

Warning Signs to Watch For

You may be experiencing cyberstalking if you notice:

• Repeated unwanted or threatening contact
• Unexpected account login alerts or hacked devices
• Fake social media profiles using your name or photos
• Friends or family receiving messages connected to you
• Personal information about you posted online without consent

Trust your instincts. If something feels wrong, it deserves attention.

Steps You Can Take to Protect Yourself

Your safety matters. If you feel able, these steps may help:

  1. Adjust privacy settings on social media accounts
  2. Use strong, unique passwords and enable two-factor authentication
  3. Limit sharing personal details or location online
  4. Keep devices and apps updated
  5. Block and report abusive accounts
  6. Save evidence such as screenshots, emails, and messages
  7. Tell someone you trust what is happening
  8. Contact law enforcement if threats escalate or you feel unsafe

You do not need to do everything at once. Taking even one step can help restore a sense of control.

Support Is Available

You deserve support, understanding, and safety.

The Rape Crisis Center offers free, confidential support through our 24-hour hotline at 210-349-7273 or at rapecrisis.com/chat
Our trained advocates are here to listen, support you, and walk with you at your pace.

Additional Resources

National Center for Victims of Crime – Stalking Resource Center
https://victimsofcrime.org/stalking-resource-center

Cyber Civil Rights Initiative
https://www.cybercivilrights.org FBI Cyber Crime Resources
https://www.fbi.gov/investigate/cyber